SA2 FOCUS · Earth & Space
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Secondary 1 · SA2 Topic Focus · Section E

Earth, Ecosystems
& Space

Ecosystems · Invasive species · Climate · Galaxies
15 questions · self-marked · drill until 100%

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🦎 Ecosystems 🌍 Earth & Climate 🌌 Space & Galaxies
🦎
Part 1

Ecosystems & Invasive Species

Ecosystem = all the living things in an area plus their non-living environment, interacting together. An invasive species is introduced to a new place and spreads, harming the native wildlife.
Q1
A school pond holds fish, pondweed, insects, water, mud and sunlight. Which of these count as part of the pond ecosystem?
1 mark
All six — the organisms and the surroundings they depend on
The fish, pondweed and insects only
The water, mud and sunlight only
The fish only, because they are the largest organisms
Q2
European rabbits were brought to Australia, where they had not lived before, and their numbers grew very fast. A species introduced to a new place where it spreads and harms native wildlife is called what?
1 mark
Q3
Why did the rabbit population in Australia increase so quickly?
2 marks
The climate killed most other animals first
Rabbits in Australia stopped needing food
There were few natural predators and plenty of food, so more rabbits survived and bred
Rabbits only have one baby per year
Q4
How can an invasive species like the rabbit harm the native ecosystem?
1 mark
It competes with native animals for food and space, reducing their numbers and the area's biodiversity
It makes the soil richer for all plants
It has no effect on other species at all
It increases the number of native predators instantly
Q5
The word biodiversity means…
1 mark
The total number of rabbits in an area
The variety of different living species in an area
The temperature of the habitat
The amount of water in a river
ECOSYSTEMS — SECTION SCORE
0/6
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Part 2

Earth's Layers & Climate

Earth's layers (outside → inside): crust → mantle → core. The hot, iron-rich core generates Earth's magnetic field. Fossils show that the climate of a place can change over millions of years.
Q6
Fossils show that iguanodons (a warm-climate animal, 120 million years ago) and woolly mammoths (a cold-climate animal, 4000 years ago) both once lived in Europe. What does this suggest?
2 marks
Fossils are not reliable evidence of anything
Europe's climate has changed over time — sometimes warm, sometimes cold
Both animals lived at exactly the same time
Europe has always had the same climate
Q7
What is the name of the thin outer layer of the Earth that we live on?
1 mark
Q8
The diagram shows Earth's layers: A = outermost, B = middle, C = innermost. Which layer is mainly responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field?
1 mark
C — the core (innermost), which is rich in iron
B — the mantle (middle)
A — the crust (outermost)
None of the layers — it comes from space
Q9
Which piece of equipment is used to find the direction of Earth's magnetic field?
1 mark
Voltmeter
Thermometer
Forcemeter (newton meter)
Compass
EARTH & CLIMATE — SECTION SCORE
0/5
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Part 3

Space & Galaxies

Size order (small → large): moon → planet → star → solar system → galaxy → universe. Our galaxy is the Milky Way; our star is the Sun.
Q10
What name is given to a huge group of stars, such as the Milky Way?
1 mark
Q11
Besides stars, name one other type of object the Milky Way contains.
1 mark
Q12
Put these in order of size, from smallest to largest.
2 marks
Galaxy → Solar System → Planet → Universe
Solar System → Planet → Universe → Galaxy
Universe → Galaxy → Planet → Solar System
Planet → Solar System → Galaxy → Universe
Q13
What is at the centre of our Solar System?
1 mark
The Earth
The Moon
The Sun (a star)
Jupiter
Q14
The Sun looks far bigger and brighter than all the other stars in the sky. Why?
1 mark
It is the only star in the universe
It is much closer to Earth than any other star
It is the biggest star that exists
Other stars give out no light
Q15
What name is given to the very large group of stars that our Solar System belongs to?
1 mark
SPACE & GALAXIES — SECTION SCORE
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